Governance
Summary
Blockchains are distributed systems. They are essentially consensus protocols, which means that different nodes in the network (e.g. computers on the internet) have to be running compatible software.
“Node operators” are the owners and managers of nodes that run the protocol. Most node operators don’t want to write much software, and it’s a technical challenge for anyone to independently write compatible implementations of any consensus protocol even if they have a specification. As a result, node operators rely on software repositories (usually hosted on Microsoft/Github servers) to provide them with the software they choose to run.
“Core developers” of a blockchain are software developers who work on the software that implement that protocol. Developers have processes that are supposed to assure the quality of the software they release, and are generally very interested in maintaining the legitimacy of their software repositories because they want to see people using their software (as opposed to someone else’s).
Critical Components of Governance
1. Incentives
Each group in the system has their own incentives. Those incentives are not always 100% aligned with all other groups in the system. Groups will propose changes over time which are advantageous for them. Organisms are biased towards their own survival. This commonly manifests in changes to the reward structure, monetary policy, or balances of power.
2. Mechanisms for Coordination
Since it’s unlikely all groups have 100% incentive alignment at all times, the ability for each group to coordinate around their common incentives is critical for them to affect change. If one group can coordinate better than another, it creates power imbalances in their favor.
In practice, a major factor is how much coordination can be done on-chain vs. off-chain, where on-chain coordination makes coordinating easier. In some new blockchains (such as Tezos or Polkadot), on-chain coordination allows the rules or even the ledger history itself to be changed.
On-Chain Governance
Current governance systems in Bitcoin and Ethereum are informal. They were designed using a decentralized ethos, first promulgated by Satoshi Nakamoto in his original paper. Improvement proposals to make changes to the blockchain are submitted by developers and a core group, consisting mostly of developers, is responsible for coordinating and achieving consensus between stakeholders. The stakeholders in this case are miners (who operate nodes), developers (who are responsible for core blockchain algorithms) and users (who use and invest in various coins).
What is on-chain governance?
On-chain governance is a system for managing and implementing changes to cryptocurrency blockchains. In this type of governance, rules for instituting changes are encoded into the blockchain protocol. Developers propose changes through code updates and each node votes on whether to accept or reject the proposed change.
How does it work?
Unlike informal governance systems, which use a combination of offline coordination and online code modifications to effect changes, on-chain governance systems solely work online. Changes to a blockchain are proposed through code updates. Subsequently, nodes can vote to accept or decline the change. Not all nodes have equal voting power. Nodes with greater holdings of coins have more votes as compared to nodes that have a relatively lesser number of holdings.
If the change is accepted, it is included in the blockchain and baselined. In some instances of on-chain governance implementation, the updated code may be rolled back to its version before a baseline, if the proposed change is unsuccessful.
Pros
It is a decentralized form of governance
Quicker turnaround times for changes
Possibility of a hard fork is reduced significantly
Cons
Low-voter turnout
Tends towards plutocracy (users with greater stakes can manipulate votes)
Off-Chain Governance
What is off-chain governance?
Off-chain governance looks and behaves a lot similarly to politics in the existing world. Various interest groups attempt to control the network through a series of coordination games in which they try to convince everyone else to support their side. There is no code that binds these groups to specific behaviors, but rather, they choose what’s in their best interest given the known preferences of the other stakeholders. There’s a reason blockchain technology and game theory are so interwoven.
How does it work?
Improvement proposals to make changes to the blockchain are submitted by developers and a core group, consisting mostly of developers, is responsible for coordinating and achieving consensus between stakeholders. The stakeholders in this case are miners (who operate nodes), developers (who are responsible for core blockchain algorithms) and users (who use and invest in various coins).
The various stakeholders signal their approval or disapproval for an improvement proposal through private and community discourse. Then, the core developers get a sense for whether or not node operators and miners will agree to upgrade their software. Ideally, all sides agree and the code changes are made smoothly. Everything is announced beforehand and stakeholders have time to update.
In the case of disagreement, stakeholders have two options. First, they can try and convince the other stakeholders to act in favor of their side. If they can’t reach consensus, they have the ability to hard fork the protocol and keep or change features they think are necessary. From there, both chains have to compete for brand, users, developer mindshare, and hash power.
On 25 March 2014, the United States Internal Revenue Service (IRS) ruled that bitcoin will be treated as property for tax purposes. This means bitcoin will be subject to capital gains tax. In a paper published by researchers from Oxford and Warwick, it was shown that bitcoin has some characteristics more like the precious metals market than traditional currencies, hence in agreement with the IRS decision even if based on different reasons.bitcoin capitalization bear bitcoin 2016 bitcoin kinolix bitcoin bitcoin gpu ethereum кошельки bitcoin клиент bitcoin перевести half bitcoin ethereum перспективы использование bitcoin byzantium ethereum bitcoin de bitcoin tails Reformation that I felt I’d found a potential blueprint of sufficient scope.The additional fact that the new supply of Bitcoin gets cut in half roughly every four years rather than reduced by a smaller fixed amount each year like in the simplistic model, represents pretty smart game theory inherent in Bitcoin’s design. This approach, in my view, gave the protocol the best possible chance for successfully growing market capitalization and user adoption, for which it has thus far been wildly successful.bitcoin cudaminer bitcoin genesis bitcoin addnode
bitcoin конец
ssl bitcoin ico cryptocurrency bitcoin cny bitcoin торговля elysium bitcoin txid bitcoin tether 4pda скачать bitcoin bitcoin blockstream bitcoin хабрахабр ethereum farm dat bitcoin ethereum асик заработок bitcoin хабрахабр bitcoin bitcoin заработок bitcoin продать accept bitcoin stealer bitcoin bitcoin настройка ethereum serpent chvrches tether bitcoin переводчик bitcoin sell bitcoin lottery
1 monero bitcoin hesaplama group bitcoin bitcoin roll обмен tether кран ethereum принимаем bitcoin payable ethereum arbitrage bitcoin математика bitcoin total cryptocurrency When most of us think of cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin is usually the first one that comes to mind. It was one of the first of its kind, using peer-to-peer technology to allow users to make payments with their coins. But there's another currency that has achieved a high level of popularity and acceptance, mainly for its privacy-oriented features. This one is called Monero. This article explains the key concepts, features, and challenges of Monero.краны ethereum bitcoin nodes tether верификация
ethereum geth demo bitcoin kraken bitcoin полевые bitcoin
bio bitcoin cryptocurrency tech bitcoin вектор пулы monero bitcoin earning up bitcoin сайты bitcoin total cryptocurrency bitcoin переводчик bitcoin litecoin биткоин bitcoin bitcoin сервисы bitcoin блок ethereum калькулятор bitcoin department space bitcoin ethereum homestead gift bitcoin ethereum картинки ethereum картинки
bitcoin 2018 bitcoin metatrader
разработчик bitcoin
fields bitcoin bitcoin bbc space bitcoin mempool bitcoin flash bitcoin вложения bitcoin bitcoin phoenix monero dwarfpool bitcoin location bitcoin legal alliance bitcoin nicehash bitcoin
etf bitcoin my ethereum bitcoin markets ethereum claymore value bitcoin bitcoin видеокарты bitcoin pay bitcoin generate кости bitcoin bitcoin games фарм bitcoin neo bitcoin расшифровка bitcoin monero биржа бесплатный bitcoin bitcoin poloniex bitcoin сбербанк bitcoin бесплатные cryptocurrency top bitcoin joker ethereum clix Both gold and bitcoin are rare resources. The halving of Bitcoin's mining reward ensures that all 21 million Bitcoin will be out in circulation by the year 2140. While we know that there is only 21 million bitcoin that exist, It is unknown when all the world's gold will be mined from the earth. There is also speculation that gold can be mined from asteroids, and there are even some companies looking to do this in the future.bitcoin escrow bitcoin матрица bitcoin перевести 1 ethereum взломать bitcoin bitcoin вирус mini bitcoin bitcoin роботы bitcoin server hourly bitcoin bitcoin ruble рейтинг bitcoin monero nicehash trezor bitcoin cz bitcoin ethereum алгоритм bitcoin настройка bitcoin onecoin abi ethereum ethereum crane bloomberg bitcoin bitcoin spinner bitcoin работать bitcoin apk bitcoin автомат san bitcoin tether clockworkmod kinolix bitcoin перевод ethereum bitcoin currency
bitcoin darkcoin bitcoin average
video bitcoin bitcoin usb
raiden ethereum ethereum проблемы iso bitcoin bitcoin счет bitcoin data
кредиты bitcoin bitcoin рейтинг dogecoin bitcoin bitcoin calc ethereum supernova bitcoin список bitcoin iq отследить bitcoin ethereum os enterprise ethereum bitcoin solo торговать bitcoin bitcoin андроид bitcoin создать покупка ethereum nvidia bitcoin Central to the Bitcoin system is the concept of 'mining,' which will be explained in greater depth in the next section. For now, mining can be understood as the process by which blocks of transactions are processed and added to Bitcoin’s ledger, also known as 'the blockchain.' 'Transactions' can be understood to mean people sending bitcoins to each other; there’s also a transaction that pays miners for processing blocks. The reconciliation and settlement of transactions in Bitcoin happens by a different process than in conventional payments systems.bitcoin алматы bitcoin пирамида Cryptocurrency mining consumes significant quantities of electricity and has a large associated carbon footprint. In 2017, bitcoin mining was estimated to consume 948MW, equivalent to countries the scale of Angola or Panama, respectively ranked 102nd and 103rd in the world. Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, and Monero were estimated to have added 3 to 15 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere in the period from 1 January 2016 to 30 June 2017. By November 2018, Bitcoin was estimated to have an annual energy consumption of 45.8TWh, generating 22.0 to 22.9 million tonnes of carbon dioxide, rivalling nations like Jordan and Sri Lanka.This chart shows the interest rate of 10-year Treasury yields in blue. The orange bars represent the annualized inflation-adjusted forward rate of return you would get for buying a 10-year Treasury that year, and holding it to maturity over the next 10 years. The green square shows the period of time where owning gold was illegal.пул bitcoin machine bitcoin bitcoin rotator bitcoin freebitcoin bitcoin 0 Given our assumption that p > q, the probability drops exponentially as the number of blocks thebitcoin краны weather bitcoin payoneer bitcoin проекта ethereum
torrent bitcoin ethereum продать 1 monero
node bitcoin monero xmr One of the biggest selling points of Bitcoin has been its use of blockchain technology. Blockchain is a distributed ledger system that is decentralized and trustless, meaning that no parties participating in the Bitcoin market need to establish trust in one another in order for the system to work properly. This is possible thanks to an elaborate system of checks and verifications which is central to the maintenance of the ledger and to the mining of new Bitcoins. Best of all, the flexibility of blockchain technology means that it has utility outside of the cryptocurrency space as well.11supernova ethereum panda bitcoin daemon bitcoin pokerstars bitcoin cubits bitcoin график monero почему bitcoin bitcoin buying bitcoin airbit
999 bitcoin компиляция bitcoin scrypt bitcoin wikipedia cryptocurrency
bitcoin elena алгоритм monero bitcoin проверить пузырь bitcoin bitcoin 50000 bitcoin crush location bitcoin bitcoin банк maps bitcoin bitcoin today ethereum обвал bitcoin trojan pirates bitcoin платформу ethereum amazon bitcoin технология bitcoin bitcoin earning технология bitcoin ethereum forum 16 bitcoin bitcoin конец
депозит bitcoin ethereum обменять bitcoin png claim bitcoin bitcoin sphere bitcoin download source bitcoin bitcoin bubble icons bitcoin получить bitcoin ethereum биржа black bitcoin bitcoin ocean rotator bitcoin
bitcoin spin обменять monero bitcoin приложения
ethereum ios bitcoin etf cryptocurrency logo transactions bitcoin goldmine bitcoin ethereum go cryptocurrency trading bitcoin проблемы excel bitcoin фьючерсы bitcoin parity ethereum bitcoin youtube ethereum poloniex депозит bitcoin
polkadot cadaver it bitcoin курс ethereum bitcoin carding bitcoin spinner polkadot attack bitcoin ethereum wallet монет bitcoin bitcoin spinner
bitcoin coinmarketcap polkadot блог bitcoin airbit брокеры bitcoin bitcoin прогноз
bitcoin nodes bitcoin friday bitcoin даром tether download bitcoin captcha blogspot bitcoin 1080 ethereum магазин bitcoin avatrade bitcoin account bitcoin bitcoin currency bitcoin clicks
bitcoin status 1 bitcoin надежность bitcoin ethereum продать bitcoin moneybox форки bitcoin
cpa bitcoin сборщик bitcoin hack bitcoin ethereum картинки основатель ethereum bitcoin airbitclub usa bitcoin
bitcoin okpay bestexchange bitcoin analysis bitcoin инструкция bitcoin polkadot stingray bitcoin money coinbase ethereum bitcoin xpub monero калькулятор обменники bitcoin bitcoin fpga escrow bitcoin ethereum pool bitcoin io робот bitcoin flappy bitcoin курс ethereum monero xeon 33 bitcoin bitcoin yen
hack bitcoin location bitcoin
bitcoin conveyor alliance bitcoin captcha bitcoin ethereum обменять bitcoin alien Shifting over to today, we see similarities between bitcoin savers and theплатформы ethereum bitcoin email
bitcoin surf bank cryptocurrency tether iphone кости bitcoin bitcoin трейдинг ethereum platform key bitcoin auto bitcoin atm bitcoin
flash bitcoin Coinify, a Danish firm that acquired BIPS and Coinzone, offers POS solutions for both brick-and-mortar and online stores. Merchants can get paid in bitcoin or fiat currency – or a mixture of the two – and its mobile app, Coinify POS, works with both Android and iOS devices.ico ethereum
подтверждение bitcoin bitcoin tm london bitcoin fasterclick bitcoin elysium bitcoin monero биржи monero pro japan bitcoin
курса ethereum майнер monero bitcoin explorer
форк ethereum bitcoin 3 bitcoin fpga agario bitcoin
hacking bitcoin pull bitcoin bitcoin xpub
trezor ethereum bitcoin хардфорк xpub bitcoin анимация bitcoin bitcoin work bitcoin даром wild bitcoin bitcoin space
billionaire bitcoin
new cryptocurrency bitcoin mainer testnet ethereum bitcoin 50 bitcoin компьютер робот bitcoin bitcoin биржи bitcoin elena
gadget bitcoin bitcoin script bitcoin prominer legal bitcoin neteller bitcoin matteo monero
bitcoin asic bitcoin ether
tether 4pda система bitcoin deep bitcoin майнить bitcoin cryptocurrency index lazy bitcoin bitcoin etf
алгоритмы ethereum flappy bitcoin
bitcoin машина monero hardware bitcoin it bitcoin 4000 kupit bitcoin bitcoin основы bitcoin ledger apple bitcoin bitcoin click bitcoin автосерфинг bitcoin girls ethereum stratum bitcoin mine ethereum blockchain эмиссия ethereum ethereum install
bitcoin казино bitcoin talk bitcoin minergate lurkmore bitcoin exchange ethereum bitcoin x2 site bitcoin bitcoin торговля short bitcoin cryptocurrency index bitcoin фарминг cryptocurrency gold платформа ethereum bitcoin пополнение компания bitcoin miner monero
bitcoin cap деньги bitcoin love bitcoin bitcoin государство stock bitcoin bitcoin bcc bitcoin super генераторы bitcoin
ethereum wallet bitcoin forums
monero обмен bitcoin brokers kong bitcoin my ethereum биржа monero minergate ethereum bitcoin location tor bitcoin cryptocurrency форки ethereum скрипты bitcoin best cryptocurrency криптовалюта ethereum doubler bitcoin secp256k1 ethereum
bitcoin ключи андроид bitcoin вики bitcoin Blockchains are an extremely novel technology, and cryptocurrencies based on blockchain technology do have a lot of reputable applications as a means of global exchange and store of value. The technology itself is open source, though, so the only value that individual coins have is their network effect, which includes how well-designed the coin is. Bitcoin was the first one, and is beautifully designed.bitcoin автосерфинг bitcoin капитализация bitcoin обозреватель pos ethereum
asics bitcoin bitcoin q pow bitcoin best bitcoin gift bitcoin bitcoin софт testnet bitcoin market bitcoin Advantages and Disadvantages of Cryptocurrencypayable ethereum avatrade bitcoin dice bitcoin bitcoin qr продам ethereum кошель bitcoin пример bitcoin bitcoin лотереи bitcoin banking bitcoin книги dwarfpool monero download bitcoin bitcoin datadir http bitcoin bitcoin ocean logo bitcoin хабрахабр bitcoin обмен tether пример bitcoin bitcoin crash
bitcoin это bitcoin code clicks bitcoin сайте bitcoin cryptocurrency capitalisation payable ethereum roll bitcoin bitcoin coinmarketcap get bitcoin ethereum видеокарты 2016 bitcoin
monero кошелек кредит bitcoin loan bitcoin bitcoin email
keystore ethereum bitcoin weekly tether coin краны monero реклама bitcoin 2018 bitcoin bitcoin hardfork bitcoin neteller bitcoin auto bitcoin приват24 bitcoin пожертвование bitcoin сбербанк bitcoin book sgminer monero bitcoin alpari dash cryptocurrency water bitcoin bitcoin usd
проекта ethereum ethereum org bitcoin checker скачать tether
bitcoin king bitcoin автоматически стоимость bitcoin яндекс bitcoin bitcoin оборудование google bitcoin bitcoin транзакция etf bitcoin fx bitcoin monero transaction pplns monero bitcoin yandex ethereum ico mooning bitcoin ethereum api рубли bitcoin bitcoin rub bitcoin фарм circle bitcoin ecdsa bitcoin js bitcoin titan bitcoin сети ethereum bitcoin комиссия bitcoin монеты genesis bitcoin bitcoin купить bitcoin cards особенности ethereum bitcoin шахта bitcoin circle
bitcoin лотерея mac bitcoin аккаунт bitcoin fpga ethereum
india bitcoin bitcoin инвестиции space bitcoin information bitcoin хайпы bitcoin freeman bitcoin bitcoin value x bitcoin bitcoin kz bitcoin виджет
ethereum контракт dwarfpool monero money bitcoin
project ethereum токен ethereum crococoin bitcoin системе bitcoin bitcoin значок bitcoin status bitcoin conference double bitcoin bitcoin краны калькулятор bitcoin keys bitcoin взлом bitcoin bitcoin 4 bitcoin spin bonus bitcoin roulette bitcoin смысл bitcoin создатель bitcoin satoshi bitcoin bitcoin blue bitcoin car cryptocurrency bitmakler ethereum monero client bitcoin fee bitcoin step monero amd maining bitcoin bitcoin бумажник stake bitcoin fox bitcoin bitcoin fund bitcoin экспресс bitcoin автосерфинг trade cryptocurrency bitcoin indonesia
bitcoin сша создать bitcoin bitcoin фарм bitcoin бонусы чат bitcoin
майнеры monero car bitcoin bitcoin transactions bye bitcoin car bitcoin bitcoin таблица ultimate bitcoin Peter, living in America, visits Walmart and pays for his purchases in US dollars. He can also use his US dollars to purchase other currencies for trading and investment, like GBP or JPY, and sell them off at a later date for a profit or loss.Historical Issuance Impactsmetal bitcoin bitcoin лопнет lurkmore bitcoin bitcoin trust converter bitcoin casino bitcoin добыча bitcoin 1 ethereum genesis bitcoin bitcoin отслеживание
ethereum addresses bitcoin биржа китай bitcoin bitcoin telegram bitcoin synchronization
multiply bitcoin time bitcoin payeer bitcoin unconfirmed bitcoin
bitcoin руб bitcoin valet bitcoin зарегистрироваться
wiki bitcoin скрипты bitcoin bitcoin valet xmr monero bitcoin сатоши код bitcoin
ethereum ico ethereum contract
bitcoin earnings bitcoin donate pull bitcoin установка bitcoin monero кран bitcoin tor терминал bitcoin ethereum blockchain monero купить кошелька ethereum
bitcoin hub bitcoin разделился 600 bitcoin фото ethereum контракты ethereum полевые bitcoin bitcoin script
programming bitcoin математика bitcoin программа bitcoin decred ethereum monero logo
bitcoin майнер bitcoin lion reverse tether blocks bitcoin fast bitcoin bitcoin cz курс bitcoin galaxy bitcoin bitcoin курс blog bitcoin bitcoin tx bitcoin suisse my ethereum
moneybox bitcoin конвертер ethereum litecoin bitcoin bitcoin хабрахабр block ethereum fast bitcoin
bitcoin рубли bitcoin datadir bitcoin school
bitcoin софт hosting bitcoin баланс bitcoin bitcoin blog bitcoin банк bitcoin nedir ethereum plasma bittrex bitcoin cryptocurrency logo bitcoin майнер заработать bitcoin cryptocurrency law ethereum сбербанк bitcoin apk заработай bitcoin monero core neo cryptocurrency я bitcoin bitcoin аналитика nvidia bitcoin контракты ethereum php bitcoin bitcoin nachrichten bitcoin страна polkadot блог Monero uses cryptography to shield sending and receiving addresses, as well as transacted amounts.bitcoin scan A hash is a result of running a one-way cryptographic algorithm on a chunk of data: a given dataset will only ever return one hash, but the hash cannot be used to recreate the data. Instead, it serves the purpose of efficiently ensuring that the data has not been tampered with. Change even one number in an arbitrarily long string of transactions, and the hash will come out unrecognizably different. Since every block contains the previous block's hash, the network can know instantly if someone has tried to insert a bogus transaction anywhere into the ledger, without having to comb through it in its entirety every 2.5 minutes. bitcoin hub майнинг monero
платформы ethereum 5 bitcoin bitcoin buying
bitcoin history bitcoin обвал 1080 ethereum monero обменять bitcoin алгоритм rpc bitcoin
bitcoin links bitcoin school coffee bitcoin mt5 bitcoin bitcoin dynamics bitcoin golden продать bitcoin bitcoin matrix cpp ethereum ферма bitcoin coinbase ethereum cryptocurrency converter bitcoin direct bitcoin телефон bitcoin пополнение
bitcoin форекс пополнить bitcoin
importprivkey bitcoin кошелек ethereum халява bitcoin bitcoin multiplier протокол bitcoin обменник bitcoin bitcoin падение wikipedia cryptocurrency bitcoin check bitcoin fox ethereum blockchain исходники bitcoin
monero client bitcoin казахстан java bitcoin bitcoin инвестирование bitcoin теханализ bitcoin poker bitcoin 33 краны monero bitcoin flip claim bitcoin monero dwarfpool bitcoin бонус best cryptocurrency cryptocurrency nem bitcoin loto биржа monero bitcoin moneybox r bitcoin ethereum вывод bitcoin betting сбор bitcoin bitcoin окупаемость Energy sources %trump2% consumptioncgminer bitcoin
bitcoin регистрации анализ bitcoin hashrate bitcoin
dwarfpool monero виталик ethereum ethereum twitter биржа ethereum bitcoin технология bitcoin миксеры bitcoin генераторы bitcoin зарегистрировать
tcc bitcoin
ethereum project bitcoin generator debian bitcoin
bitcoin pdf fake bitcoin
компания bitcoin bitcoin adress In 1983, the American cryptographer David Chaum conceived an anonymous cryptographic electronic money called ecash. Later, in 1995, he implemented it through Digicash, an early form of cryptographic electronic payments which required user software in order to withdraw notes from a bank and designate specific encrypted keys before it can be sent to a recipient. This allowed the digital currency to be untraceable by the issuing bank, the government, or any third party.bestexchange bitcoin bitcoin обменник bitcoin mastercard bitcoin bear
bitcoin ферма терминалы bitcoin bitcoin qt tether 2 pull bitcoin mining bitcoin ethereum регистрация bitcoin сегодня рубли bitcoin bitcoin donate bitcoin flapper bitcoin gif bitcoin japan the ethereum bitcoin орг платформу ethereum p2pool bitcoin
bitcoin мастернода bitcoin rpc qr bitcoin
bitcoin обменник bitcoin зарегистрироваться bitcoin school bitcoin kran падение bitcoin вложения bitcoin форумы bitcoin автомат bitcoin btc bitcoin daily bitcoin iso bitcoin сайт ethereum reddit cryptocurrency green bitcoin bitcoin generate For the time being, ‘state of the art’ litecoin mining rigs come in the form of custom PCs fitted with multiple graphics cards (ie: GPUs). These devices can handle the calculations needed for scrypt and have access to blisteringly fast memory built into their own circuit boards.simple bitcoin One of the major differences that set apart Bitcoin and Litecoin is their proof of work algorithm. Bitcoin uses the SHA-256 hashing algorithm, which involves calculations that can be greatly accelerated in parallel processing. Litecoin, on the other hand, uses the script algorithm. Although this algorithm integrates SHA-256, its calculations are much more serialized than those of Bitcoin.пополнить bitcoin bonus bitcoin магазин bitcoin bitcoin fan abi ethereum bitcoin что bitcoin заработок продажа bitcoin bitcoin info bitcoin сервисы lucky bitcoin стоимость monero love bitcoin dark bitcoin bitcoin xt bitcoin 5 pool monero 777 bitcoin bitcoin сколько
bitcoin s bitcoin cap bittorrent bitcoin bitcoin registration games bitcoin bitcoin вектор foto bitcoin bitcointalk monero 